This FCRFLOWreadme.txt file was generated on 2020-10-16 by Angelica M. Palomino ------------------- GENERAL INFORMATION ------------------- 1. Title of Dataset Influence of Flocculant on Flow Behavior and Undrained Shear Strength of Fine Coal Refuse 2. Author Information Principal Investigator Contact Information Name: Angelica M. Palomino Institution: University of Tennessee Address: Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 851 Neyland DR., Knoxville, TN 37996 Email: apalomin@utk.edu Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information Name: Cyrus Jedari Institution: University of Tennessee Address: Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 851 Neyland DR., Knoxville, TN 37996 Email: cjedaris@vols.utk.edu Alternate Contact Information Name: Institution: Address: Email: 3. Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date) 2017-05-01 to 2018-04-30 4. Geographic location of data collection (where was data collected?): Knoxville, TN, US 5. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: US Department of the Interior, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Grant Number S15AC20024. 6. Abstract/description of the dataset: This data set is in support of a manuscript submitted accepted for publication in the journal Fuel. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of an added flocculant on the flow behavior and undrained shear strength of fine coal refuse (FCR) from an active impoundment in eastern Kentucky. The specimens were formed from fresh FCR slurry samples obtained from a slurry discharge pipe, as well as solids recovered from the same fresh FCR mixed with either distilled water or a sodium hexametaphosphate dispersant solution. The specimens were consolidated in columns over a range of low stresses to create soft, relatively low strength specimens. Specimens were prepared with different initial void ratios and moisture contents. Flow table tests and vane shear strength tests were performed to investigate the influence of the background solution type on the flow behavior and undrained shear strength. 7: Keywords for the dataset (provide 3 - 5): fine coal refuse; flow table; undrained shear strength; flocculant; dispersant -------------------------- SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION -------------------------- 1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: None 2. Links to publications that cite or use the data: Not available yet. 3. Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: N/A 4. Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: N/A 5. Was data derived from another source? No If yes, list source(s): 6. Recommended citation for the data: Jedari, C., Palomino, A.M., and Drumm, E.C. (2020), Data in support of "Influence of Flocculant on Flow Behavior and Undrained Shear Strength of Fine Coal Refuse", Fuel, accepted for publication 06October2020. --------------------- DATA & FILE OVERVIEW --------------------- 1. File List A. Filename: Data-Influence of Flocculant on Flow Behavior and Undrained Shear Strength of FCR-Jedari et al-2020.10 Short description: This file contains the data used to develop the plots in the accompanying manuscript, including results of vane shear tests (undrained shear strength) and flow table tests conducted on samples of fine coal refuse (FCR) prepared with different background solutions (flocculant, dispersant, and distilled water). Tests were conducted on FCR samples consolidated to different stresses. B. Filename: Short description: C. Filename: Short description: 2. Relationship between files: 3. Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: 4. Are there multiple versions of the dataset? no If yes, list versions: Name of file that was updated: i. Why was the file updated? ii. When was the file updated? Name of file that was updated: i. Why was the file updated? ii. When was the file updated? -------------------------- METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION -------------------------- 1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: N6 - Number of flow table drops until FCR specimen edge reaches a predefined diameter of 6 inches. A standard flow table test (ASTM-C230/C230M, 2014) was modified to evaluate flow behavior of FCR. The standard flow table (Fig. 2-a) is designed for characterizing the consistency of mortars to be used in hydraulic cement. According to the ASTM standard, flow is determined as percent increase in diameter after a conically-shaped specimen is subjected to a required number of cam-actuated ½-inch table drops at a fixed rate (25 drops in 15 seconds). For this study, the conical mold was replaced with a cylindrical mold to accommodate cylindrical specimens prepared by consolidating fresh FCR slurry. Cu - Undrained Shear Strength. The undrained shear strength of FCR under selected conditions was measured using the standard vane shear test (ASTM-D4648/D4648M, 2016; BS-1377, 1990). A torsional load is applied through a calibrated spring to a vane inserted into the material. The device used for this study is a VJ Tech Laboratory Vane Apparatus (VJT5300). The shear strength capacity of the device can be modified by choosing among four different springs with various stiffness and vane sizes, and the measurable shear strength range is from 0 to 90 kN/m2 (kPa). A motor attachment was used to automate all measurements. 2. Methods for processing the data: Measurements of undrained shear strength were conducted 5 times per sample. These values were averaged to generate the submitted data sets. 3. Instrument- or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: None 4. Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: Flow table test: modified ASTM C230/C230M-14 Standard Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests of Hydraulic Cement Undrained Shear Strength: ASTM D4648/D4648M-16 Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Miniature Vane Shear Test for SaturatedFine-Grained Clayey Soil Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index: ASTM D4318-17e1 Standard Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils 5. Environmental/experimental conditions: All measurements were performed in an indoor laboratory environment. 6. Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: Measurements of undrained shear strength were repeated 5 times to ensure repeatability. 7. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: C. Jedari, A.M. Palomino, and E.C. Drumm were involved in the collection of the original samples of fine coal refuse slurry from an active coal mine impoundment in eastern Kentucky (US). Processing was completed by Jedari; analysis by Jedari, Palomino, and Drumm; and Jedari and Palomino were involved in the data/manuscript submission (Drumm passed away prior to submission). ----------------------------------------- DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: [FILENAME] ----------------------------------------- Measured flowability with applied consolidation stress and moisture content of FCR with different background solutions. 1. Number of variables: 4 2. Number of cases/rows: 19 3. Variable List A. Name: Background Solution Description: Solution used to mix with FCR solids - As-Received supernatant, Distilled Water, and Dispersant Value labels if appropriate B. Name: Consolidation Stress (kPa) Description: FCR slurries were consolidated to different stresses, ranging from 27.6 kPa to 110.3 kPa. Value labels if appropriate C. Name: #Drops, N6 Description: Number of flow table drops required for the edge of the consolidated FCR specimen to reach a pre-defined 6-inch border. Value labels if appropriate D. Name: Moisture Content (%) Description: Moisture content of consolidated FCR specimens at each consolidation stress. Moisture content is defined as the mass of water with respect to mass of solids in the specimen. Value labels if appropriate 4. Missing data codes: Code/symbol Definition Code/symbol Definition 5. Specialized formats of other abbreviations used Variation of undrained shear strength with applied consolidation stress. 1. Number of variables: 3 2. Number of cases/rows: 22 3. Variable List A. Name: Background Solution Description: Solution used to mix with FCR solids - As-Received supernatant, Distilled Water, and Dispersant Value labels if appropriate B. Name: Consolidation Stress (kPa) Description: FCR slurries were consolidated to different stresses, ranging from 27.6 kPa to 206.8 kPa. Value labels if appropriate C. Name: Average Cu - Undrained shear strength (kPa) Description: Measured undrained shear strength using the vane shear device. Each value is the average of 5 measurements. Value labels if appropriate 4. Missing data codes: Code/symbol Definition Code/symbol Definition 5. Specialized formats of other abbreviations used Variation of undrained shear strength with void ratio of FCR specimens prepared with different background solutions under various loading conditions. 1. Number of variables: 3 2. Number of cases/rows: 22 3. Variable List A. Name: Background Solution Description: Solution used to mix with FCR solids - As-Received supernatant, Distilled Water, and Dispersant Value labels if appropriate B. Name: Void Ratio, e Description: Void ratio is defined as the volume of voids with respect to the volume of solids in the FCR specimen Value labels if appropriate C. Name: Average Cu - Undrained shear strength (kPa) Description: Measured undrained shear strength using the vane shear device. Each value is the average of 5 measurements. Value labels if appropriate: The value of applied consolidation stress is shown next to each data point. 4. Missing data codes: Code/symbol Definition Code/symbol Definition 5. Specialized formats of other abbreviations used Variation of undrained shear strength with moisture content of FCR specimens prepared with different background solutions under various loading conditions. The value of applied consolidation stress is shown next to each data point. 1. Number of variables: 3 2. Number of cases/rows: 22 3. Variable List A. Name: Background Solution Description: Solution used to mix with FCR solids - As-Received supernatant, Distilled Water, and Dispersant Value labels if appropriate B. Name: Moisture Content (%) Description: Moisture content of consolidated FCR specimens at each consolidation stress. Moisture content is defined as the mass of water with respect to mass of solids in the specimen. Value labels if appropriate C. Name: Average Cu - Undrained shear strength (kPa) Description: Measured undrained shear strength using the vane shear device. Each value is the average of 5 measurements. Value labels if appropriate: The value of applied consolidation stress is shown next to each data point. 4. Missing data codes: Code/symbol Definition Code/symbol Definition 5. Specialized formats of other abbreviations used Normalized values of undrained strength (Cu/P) with moisture content for the FCR in different background solutions and their comparison with C/P ratio (Mesri, 1975). 1. Number of variables: 3 2. Number of cases/rows: 22 3. Variable List A. Name: Background Solution Description: Solution used to mix with FCR solids - As-Received supernatant, Distilled Water, and Dispersant Value labels if appropriate B. Name: Moisture Content (%) Description: Moisture content of consolidated FCR specimens at each consolidation stress. Moisture content is defined as the mass of water with respect to mass of solids in the specimen. Value labels if appropriate C. Name: Normalized Cu - Undrained shear strength (kPa) Description: Average measured undrained shear strength using the vane shear device. Each value is the average of 5 measurements. Values are normalized with respect to the P valued defined by Mesri (1975). Value labels if appropriate 4. Missing data codes: Code/symbol Definition Code/symbol Definition 5. Specialized formats of other abbreviations used Correlations between liquidity index and undrained shear strength. FCR values and corresponding power function curves are compared with data found in the literature for remolded clays (Wroth and Wood, 1978; Youssef et al., 1965), sensitive clays (Locat and Demers, 1988), soft alluvial clays (Yılmaz, 2000), and soft marine clays (Kuriakose et al., 2017). Each data point represents the average of five measurements. 1. Number of variables: 5 2. Number of cases/rows: 21 3. Variable List A. Name: Background Solution Description: Solution used to mix with FCR solids - As-Received supernatant, Distilled Water, and Dispersant Value labels if appropriate B. Name: Average Cu - Undrained shear strength (kPa) Description: Measured undrained shear strength using the vane shear device. Each value is the average of 5 measurements. Value labels if appropriate C. Name: Liquidity Index Description: Liquidity Index is a measured value of FCR moisture content relative to the liquid limit and plastic limit of the same material. Value labels if appropriate 4. Missing data codes: Code/symbol Definition Code/symbol Definition 5. Specialized formats of other abbreviations used Correlation between flowability and undrained shear strength of the FCR in different background solutions. Each data point represents the average of five measurements. 1. Number of variables: 3 2. Number of cases/rows: 20 3. Variable List A. Name: Background Solution Description: Solution used to mix with FCR solids - As-Received supernatant, Distilled Water, and Dispersant Value labels if appropriate B. Name: Average Cu - Undrained shear strength (kPa) Description: Measured undrained shear strength using the vane shear device. Each value is the average of 5 measurements. Value labels if appropriate C. Name: #Drops, N6 Description: Number of flow table drops required for the edge of the consolidated FCR specimen to reach a pre-defined 6-inch border. Value labels if appropriate 4. Missing data codes: Code/symbol Definition Code/symbol Definition 5. Specialized formats of other abbreviations used